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... 1771–1834) Supreme Court justice; born in Charleston, S.C. He served in the South Carolina legislature (1794–98) and the state's high court (1798–1804) before President Jefferson named him to the U.S. Supreme Court (1804–34). He often dissented from the opinions of Chief Justice John Marshall, thereby establishing the model for recording dissenting ...

1772–1804, French émigré; son of Louis Henri Joseph de Condé (see under Condé, family). He was unjustly accused by Napoleon Bonaparte, then first consul of France, of participating in the conspiracy of Georges Cadoudal against Napoleon. On Napoleon's orders, the duke was kidnapped from his residence in Ettenheim, Baden, and within the space of a few hours, was court-martialed and shot ...

... Robert Banks Jenkinson). Born June 7, 1770, in London; died there Dec. 4, 1828. English statesman; Tory.From 1801 to 1804, Lord Liverpool served as foreign secretary. He was home secretary from 1804 to 1806 and from 1807 to 1809. From 1809 to 1812, he was secretary for war and colonial secretary. From 1812 to 1817, he was prime minister. His government waged ...

Born May 15 (26), 1730, in Moscow; died Oct. 17 (29), 1804, in Serpukhov. Pioneer in the field of mining in Russia. First director (from 1773) of the Higher Mining School (today, the G. V. Plekhanov Institute of Mines).As commander of the Berg-Kollegiia (Collegium of Mines) and the mint, posts he held simultaneously in the periods 1771–81 and 1796–1801, Soimonov enacted a number of important ...

Born May 15 (26), 1730, in Moscow; died Oct. 17 (29), 1804, in Serpukhov. Pioneer in the field of mining in Russia. First director (from 1773) of the Higher Mining School (today, the G. V. Plekhanov Institute of Mines).As commander of the Berg-Kollegiia (Collegium of Mines) and the mint, posts he held simultaneously in the periods 1771–81 and 1796–1801, Soimonov enacted a number of important ...