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... born 1821—died 1898) Father of the last ruling Korean king, Kojong (r. 1864–1907), and regent (1864–73). As regent, Taewon-gun inaugurated reforms to strengthen the central government. He also modernized Korea's armies. He opposed concessions to Japan or the West but was kidnapped and held in China three years, during which time his power and many of ...

1831–1906, Union general in the American Civil War, b. Gerry, N.Y. He taught at West Point (1855–60) and on the outbreak of the Civil War became chief of staff to Nathaniel Lyon in Missouri. He was brigadier general commanding Missouri troops (Nov., 1861–Apr., 1863) and commander of the Dept. Of the Missouri (May, 1863–Jan., 1864). In Feb., 1864, he was given command of the Army of the ...

a statute enacted as part of the judicial statutes of 1864 ( see JUDICIAL REFORM OF 1864); it was issued in 1883 in a new edition and was revised again in 1885. The statute established liabilities for minor offenses; liabilities for crimes were covered in the Penal Code of 1845 and 1885. In accordance with the statute, justices of the peace could apply the following punishments: reproof ...

High ground on the southern bank of the James River, E Va., S of Richmond; scene of two engagements in the Civil War. On May 15, 1862, the Confederates, positioned on the bluff, repulsed Union gunboats that were part of Gen. George McClellan's Peninsular campaign. In May, 1864, Union Gen. Benjamin Butler led the Army of the James up the peninsula against Richmond. Butler was defeated at Drewrys ...

Born Feb. 4 (16), 1864, in St. Petersburg; died Oct. 12 (25), 1914, in Yalta. Russian soprano.From 1883 to 1886, Mravina studied voice under I. P. Prianishnikov in St. Petersburg. She also studied in Berlin under M. J. D. Artôt and in Paris. From 1886 to 1898 she was a soloist at the Mariinskii Theater in St. Petersburg.One of the most important representatives of the Russian school of vocal music ...