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a statute enacted as part of the judicial statutes of 1864 ( see JUDICIAL REFORM OF 1864); it was issued in 1883 in a new edition and was revised again in 1885. The statute established liabilities for minor offenses; liabilities for crimes were covered in the Penal Code of 1845 and 1885. In accordance with the statute, justices of the peace could apply the following punishments: reproof ...

1853–1921, Russian short-story writer and publicist. A member of a Populist circle, he was arrested in 1879 and exiled to Siberia until 1885. There he wrote many of his lyrical tales, notable for their descriptions of desolate nature. His most famous story, "Makar's Dream" (1885, tr. 1892), describes a dying peasant's dream of heaven. After 1895, Korolenko devoted himself to liberal journalism...

... of or resembling the style of D. H. Lawrence (1885--1930), the British novelist, poet, and short-story writer, or T. E. Lawrence "of Arabia" (1885--1935), the British soldier and writer of, relating to, or situated near the St Lawrence River ...

Years of birth and death unknown. French metallurgist. Vathaire expressed the possibility of obtaining thermal equilibrium in blast-furnace smelting and made the first calculation of such an equilibrium in 1866. He also described the construction of blast furnaces and techniques used in working blast furnaces (1885).WORKS Etudes sur les hauts fourneaux et la métallurgie de la fonte. [Paris] 1866...

Years of birth and death unknown. French metallurgist. Vathaire expressed the possibility of obtaining thermal equilibrium in blast-furnace smelting and made the first calculation of such an equilibrium in 1866. He also described the construction of blast furnaces and techniques used in working blast furnaces (1885).WORKS Etudes sur les hauts fourneaux et la métallurgie de la fonte. [Paris] 1866...