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... advocate of Holland in 1586, Oldenbarneveldt controlled the civil affairs of the United Provinces (in which Holland was prominent). He represented the patrician manufacturing and commercial oligarchies that ruled the states of Holland; and during his administration Dutch commerce expanded spectacularly, and the Dutch East India Company was founded. He negotiated (1609) a ...

... his principal adviser was Oldenbarneveldt, chief author of the truce of 1609. Relations between the two men were, however, strained after 1600 and flared into open conflict when the struggle between Remonstrants and strict Calvinists broke out. Maurice took the part of the Calvinists and in 1618 compelled the summoning of the Synod of Dort, which suppressed the ...

... and manufacturing center. Points of interest include a 14th-century water gate, the 15th-century Gate of Our Lady, and the old town, which has medieval houses. Johan van Oldenbarneveldt, the Dutch statesman, was born there in 1547.

... affairs Grotius supported Oldenbarneveldt against Maurice of Nassau. After Maurice gained power he had Grotius condemned (1619) to prison for life, but Grotius made a daring escape in 1621 and fled to Paris. There, expanding certain views he had earlier recorded but had never published, he wrote De jure belli ac pacis. [concerning the law of war and peace] (1625 ...

... . The grand pensionary carried out the duties of the stadt-holder in the latter’s absence, represented the province of Holland at the States General, and guided foreign policy. Jan van Oldenbarneveldt, Jan de Witt, and A. Heinsius were grand pensionaries who were important political figures. The post of grand pensionary was abolished in 1795.